L-Threonine-[d5,13C4,15N]

L-Threonine-[d5,13C4,15N], a stable isotope-labeled amino acid, is used in various research and analytical applications. Here are some key applications of L-Threonine-[d5,13C4,15N]:

Metabolic Flux Analysis: L-Threonine-[d5,13C4,15N] is instrumental in metabolic flux analysis to trace and quantify metabolic pathways in cells. Researchers can track the labeled threonine through metabolic pathways, helping to elucidate cellular metabolism and metabolic fluxes. This data is crucial for understanding metabolic reprogramming in diseases and optimizing industrial fermentation processes.

Proteomics: In proteomics, L-Threonine-[d5,13C4,15N] is used as an internal standard for mass spectrometry-based protein quantification. The labeled amino acid allows for precise quantification of proteins by distinguishing between the isotopically labeled and unlabeled peptides. This standardization improves the accuracy and reproducibility of proteomic analyses, aiding in biomarker discovery and protein function studies.

Nutritional Research: L-Threonine-[d5,13C4,15N] serves as a tool in nutritional studies to investigate amino acid uptake and metabolism in organisms. By administering the labeled amino acid, researchers can study its absorption, assimilation, and utilization in various tissues. This information is valuable for understanding nutrient requirements and optimizing dietary formulations.

Biosynthetic Pathway Elucidation: L-Threonine-[d5,13C4,15N] can be utilized to trace the biosynthetic pathways of complex molecules in microbial and plant systems. The incorporation of the labeled threonine into downstream metabolites allows scientists to map the enzymatic steps involved in biosynthesis. This helps in identifying key enzymes and regulatory nodes for the biotechnological production of valuable compounds.